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1，在根目录下创建images目录，然后依次创建iso和test。其中ISO目录是存放ISO镜像的，test是存放虚拟机的主机名的，然后把Linux安装镜像的iso文件，上传到iso文件夹里
| 1 2 | [root@KVM ~] # mkdir -p /images/iso [root@KVM ~] # mkdir -p /images/test |
| 1 2 3 | [root@KVM ~] # ll /data/iso/ total 407556 -rw-r--r-- 1 qemu qemu 417333248 Aug 5 09:11 CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso |
2，安装Linux虚拟主机：
a)安装raw磁盘格式的虚拟机：
| 1 | [root@KVM images] #virt-install --name hadoop2 --ram 1024 --vcpus 1 --disk path=/images/test/hadoop2.img,size=10 --network bridge=br0,model=virtio --noautoconsole --accelerate --vnc --vncport=5912 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0 --cdrom /images/iso/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso -d |
b)安装qcow2格式的磁盘（空间动态增长），首先要先创建qcow2格式的磁盘。
| 1 2 3 | [root@KVM test ] # qemu-img create -f qcow2 hadoop3.img 10G Formatting 'hadoop3.img' , fmt =qcow2 size=10737418240 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 [root@KVM test ] # virt-install --name=hadoop3 --ram 512 --vcpus=1 --disk path=/images/test/hadoop3.img,format=qcow2,size=7,bus=virtio --accelerate --cdrom /images/iso/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso -d --vnc --vncport=5913 --network network:default --noautoconsole |
具体的安装信息，如下：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 | [root@KVM test ] # qemu-img create -f qcow2 hadoop3.img 10G Formatting 'hadoop3.img' , fmt =qcow2 size=10737418240 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 [root@KVM test ] # virt-install --name=hadoop3 --ram 512 --vcpus=1 --disk path=/images/test/hadoop3.img,format=qcow2,size=7,bus=virtio --accelerate --cdrom /images/iso/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso -d --vnc --vncport=5913 --network network:default --noautoconsole Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG Launched with command line: /usr/sbin/virt-install --name=hadoop3 -- ram 512 --vcpus=1 --disk path= /images/test/hadoop3 .img, format =qcow2,size=7,bus=virtio --accelerate --cdrom /images/iso/CentOS-6 .5-x86_64-minimal.iso -d --vnc --vncport=5913 --network network:default --noautoconsole Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG Requesting libvirt URI default Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG Received libvirt URI qemu: ///system Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG Requesting virt method 'default' , hv type 'default' . Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 WARNING KVM acceleration not available, using 'qemu' Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG Received virt method 'hvm' Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG Hypervisor name is 'qemu' Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG --graphics compat generated: vnc,port=5913 Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG DistroInstaller location is a local file /path : /images/iso/CentOS-6 .5-x86_64-minimal.iso Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG Guest.has_install_phase: True Starting install ... Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG Generated install XML: <domain type = 'qemu' > <name>hadoop3< /name > <uuid>ae9def17-b45b-f9ea-4ff9-ece22c95503e< /uuid > <memory>524288< /memory > <currentMemory>524288< /currentMemory > <vcpu>1< /vcpu > <os> < type arch= 'x86_64' >hvm< /type > <boot dev= 'cdrom' /> <boot dev= 'hd' /> < /os > <features> <acpi/><apic/><pae/> < /features > <clock offset= "utc" /> <on_poweroff>destroy< /on_poweroff > <on_reboot>destroy< /on_reboot > <on_crash>destroy< /on_crash > <devices> <emulator> /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm < /emulator > <disk type = 'file' device= 'disk' > <driver name= 'qemu' type = 'qcow2' cache= 'none' /> < source file = '/images/test/hadoop3.img' /> <target dev= 'vda' bus= 'virtio' /> < /disk > <disk type = 'file' device= 'cdrom' > <driver name= 'qemu' /> < source file = '/images/iso/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso' /> <target dev= 'hdc' bus= 'ide' /> < readonly /> < /disk > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-ehci1' > < /controller > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-uhci1' > <master startport= '0' /> < /controller > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-uhci2' > <master startport= '2' /> < /controller > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-uhci3' > <master startport= '4' /> < /controller > <interface type = 'network' > < source network= 'default' /> <mac address= '52:54:00:87:5b:c0' /> < /interface > <input type = 'mouse' bus= 'ps2' /> <graphics type = 'vnc' port= '5913' /> <console type = 'pty' /> <video> <model type = 'cirrus' /> < /video > < /devices > < /domain > Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG Generated boot XML: <domain type = 'qemu' > <name>hadoop3< /name > <uuid>ae9def17-b45b-f9ea-4ff9-ece22c95503e< /uuid > <memory>524288< /memory > <currentMemory>524288< /currentMemory > <vcpu>1< /vcpu > <os> < type arch= 'x86_64' >hvm< /type > <boot dev= 'hd' /> < /os > <features> <acpi/><apic/><pae/> < /features > <clock offset= "utc" /> <on_poweroff>destroy< /on_poweroff > <on_reboot>restart< /on_reboot > <on_crash>restart< /on_crash > <devices> <emulator> /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm < /emulator > <disk type = 'file' device= 'disk' > <driver name= 'qemu' type = 'qcow2' cache= 'none' /> < source file = '/images/test/hadoop3.img' /> <target dev= 'vda' bus= 'virtio' /> < /disk > <disk type = 'block' device= 'cdrom' > <target dev= 'hdc' bus= 'ide' /> < readonly /> < /disk > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-ehci1' > < /controller > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-uhci1' > <master startport= '0' /> < /controller > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-uhci2' > <master startport= '2' /> < /controller > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-uhci3' > <master startport= '4' /> < /controller > <interface type = 'network' > < source network= 'default' /> <mac address= '52:54:00:87:5b:c0' /> < /interface > <input type = 'mouse' bus= 'ps2' /> <graphics type = 'vnc' port= '5913' /> <console type = 'pty' /> <video> <model type = 'cirrus' /> < /video > < /devices > < /domain > Creating domain... | 0 B 00:00 Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG Started guest, connecting to console if requested Tue, 02 Feb 2016 14:12:36 DEBUG XML fetched from libvirt object: <domain type = 'qemu' id = '15' > <name>hadoop3< /name > <uuid>ae9def17-b45b-f9ea-4ff9-ece22c95503e< /uuid > <memory unit= 'KiB' >524288< /memory > <currentMemory unit= 'KiB' >524288< /currentMemory > <vcpu placement= 'static' >1< /vcpu > <os> < type arch= 'x86_64' machine= 'rhel6.6.0' >hvm< /type > <boot dev= 'cdrom' /> <boot dev= 'hd' /> < /os > <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> < /features > <clock offset= 'utc' /> <on_poweroff>destroy< /on_poweroff > <on_reboot>destroy< /on_reboot > <on_crash>destroy< /on_crash > <devices> <emulator> /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm < /emulator > <disk type = 'file' device= 'disk' > <driver name= 'qemu' type = 'qcow2' cache= 'none' /> < source file = '/images/test/hadoop3.img' /> <target dev= 'vda' bus= 'virtio' /> < alias name= 'virtio-disk0' /> <address type = 'pci' domain= '0x0000' bus= '0x00' slot= '0x05' function = '0x0' /> < /disk > <disk type = 'file' device= 'cdrom' > <driver name= 'qemu' type = 'raw' /> < source file = '/images/iso/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso' /> <target dev= 'hdc' bus= 'ide' /> < readonly /> < alias name= 'ide0-1-0' /> <address type = 'drive' controller= '0' bus= '1' target= '0' unit= '0' /> < /disk > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-ehci1' > < alias name= 'usb0' /> <address type = 'pci' domain= '0x0000' bus= '0x00' slot= '0x04' function = '0x7' /> < /controller > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-uhci1' > < alias name= 'usb0' /> <master startport= '0' /> <address type = 'pci' domain= '0x0000' bus= '0x00' slot= '0x04' function = '0x0' multifunction= 'on' /> < /controller > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-uhci2' > < alias name= 'usb0' /> <master startport= '2' /> <address type = 'pci' domain= '0x0000' bus= '0x00' slot= '0x04' function = '0x1' /> < /controller > <controller type = 'usb' index= '0' model= 'ich9-uhci3' > < alias name= 'usb0' /> <master startport= '4' /> <address type = 'pci' domain= '0x0000' bus= '0x00' slot= '0x04' function = '0x2' /> < /controller > <controller type = 'ide' index= '0' > < alias name= 'ide0' /> <address type = 'pci' domain= '0x0000' bus= '0x00' slot= '0x01' function = '0x1' /> < /controller > <interface type = 'network' > <mac address= '52:54:00:87:5b:c0' /> < source network= 'default' /> <target dev= 'vnet3' /> < alias name= 'net0' /> <address type = 'pci' domain= '0x0000' bus= '0x00' slot= '0x03' function = '0x0' /> < /interface > <serial type = 'pty' > < source path= '/dev/pts/8' /> <target port= '0' /> < alias name= 'serial0' /> < /serial > <console type = 'pty' tty = '/dev/pts/8' > < source path= '/dev/pts/8' /> <target type = 'serial' port= '0' /> < alias name= 'serial0' /> < /console > <input type = 'mouse' bus= 'ps2' /> <graphics type = 'vnc' port= '5913' autoport= 'no' listen= '127.0.0.1' > <listen type = 'address' address= '127.0.0.1' /> < /graphics > <video> <model type = 'cirrus' vram= '9216' heads= '1' /> < alias name= 'video0' /> <address type = 'pci' domain= '0x0000' bus= '0x00' slot= '0x02' function = '0x0' /> < /video > <memballoon model= 'virtio' > < alias name= 'balloon0' /> <address type = 'pci' domain= '0x0000' bus= '0x00' slot= '0x06' function = '0x0' /> < /memballoon > < /devices > < /domain > |
然后按照提示安装步骤一步步来安装，操作系统的安装省略。
也可以通过VNC使用virt-manager远程进行安装管理
[参数说明]
--name 虚拟机名称
--hvm 使用全虚拟化（与para-irtualization向对），不支持xen hypervisor
--ram 虚拟机内存大小
--vcpus 虚拟机虚拟CPU个数
--disk 虚拟机使用的磁盘（文件）的路径，本例中文件放置在/images/test目录下
--network 网络设置，使用默认设置即可
--vnc 设置连接桌面环境的vnc端口，本例是5911
--cdrom 设置光驱获取虚拟光驱文件的路径 -d 指示从光驱启动（ -c 指示从硬盘启动）我们这里是/images/iso
安装时建议一个来安装，否则会出现报错信息
本文转自 lqbyz 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/liqingbiao/1740672
转载地址：http://lagfl.baihongyu.com/